Schools: The Missing Link in Promoting Healthy Children

On May 9^th, 2012, Healthy Schools Campaign and Trust for America’s Health, along with a group of partner organizations (including Health & Disability Advocates), released policy recommendations to Secretary of EducationArne Duncan and Secretary of Health and Human Services Kathleen Sebelius. The recommendations called on the departments to “further support the critical connection between health and learning, and build this priority into the Department’s infrastructure and leadership.”

A strong connection exists between children’s health and education. A child who is healthy is more likely to attend school and engage in learning. However, many schools lack things necessary to promoting health, such as access to clean air and water, nutritious food and school nurses; and do not provide an opportunity for students to be active throughout the day.  

School’s lack of emphasis on health comes at a time when promoting health is of the utmost importance. Rates of chronic diseases, such as asthma, diabetes or obesity, have doubled among kids in the last several decades. Students with a chronic condition often need extra care to manage their condition, and school—a place where many kids spend most of their time—could play an important role in their health.

Our nation faces a growing achievement gap in our nation’s students—which recent studies have shown to be linked to health issues. Low-income minority students are more likely to suffer from health issues, as well as more likely to attend a school without a healthy environment.

Healthy Schools Campaign, Trust for America’s Health and their partner organizations crafted their recommendations with these strong connections between health and learning in mind. The recommendations focus on actions that are within the government’s role to make and can have an immediate impact on the health of students and the achievement gap:

Recommendations to the Department of Education:

1. Expanding the mandate of the Office of Safe and Healthy Students (OSHS) and appointing a Deputy Assistant Secretary to the office in order to build up the office’s capacity for leadership.
2. Support pre-service and professional development programs for teachers and principals by making health a priority in grants and other training programs.
3. Make health an important factor of the standard of excellence for the Blue Ribbon Program.
4. Developing and disseminating best practices for colleges and universities to support teachers’ and school leaders’ abilities to address student health needs
5. Support the development of resources for schools to effectively engage parents around school health and wellness issues.
6. Support the development of educational data systems and school accountability programs that incorporate student health.

Recommendation to the Department of Health and Human Services:

1. Reduce barriers schools face in providing health care to students: Currently, restrictive regulations limit the reimbursements schools can receive from Medicaid. Removing these restrictions, which HHS itself deemed “unenforceable,” would allow schools to expand the health care schools can afford to provide to students.
2.   Include Schools in the National Prevention Strategy: The strategy emphasized the importance of making good health a priority in all areas of life, not just within a health care setting. It is important for HHS to acknowledge how important schools are to an effective prevention strategy, and to fully investigate the role schools may be able to play in promoting health.

At the event, Secretary of Health and Human Services Kathleen Sebelius announced a $75 million investment in the establishment of school health centers, as a part of the School-Based Health Center Capital (SBHCC) Program, created by the Affordable Care Act. These health centers offer disease prevention and health screenings to students. This announcement marks one of many necessary steps in the right direction towards the integration of health and education.

Stephanie Altman

Health & Disability Advocates; Program and Policy Director

Check back with Illinois Health Matters for more info on how the Department of Education and the Department of Health and Human Services integrate health into the nation’s schools. 

Using Technology to Connect in New Ways in Illinois

According to the Pew Internet & American Life Project, 85% of all Americans 18 years and older own a cell phone; of these users, nearly a quarter (72%) of them “text”. A July 2011 report shows that nearly one-third of all adults are “smart phone” users.

Given that these statistics are only likely to increase as technology becomes more advanced and allows us to get information in even smaller and more portable devices, it’s important to consider how technology help in efforts to share important and relevant information, as well as connect individuals with services that fit their needs.

For the past two years, Text4baby, the first ever FREE mobile health service, has been using cell phones to share health tips with pregnant women and new moms. Moms sign up by texting BABY to 511411 (or BEBE to 511411 to receive messages in Spanish) to receive helpful messages that are timed to their due date or baby’s first birthday. These messages include reminders about check-ups, immunizations, oral health, and tips for good nutrition.

We here at the Illinois Maternal and Child Health Coalition serve as the statewide coordinator  and have been working with health departments, community clinics, doctors’ offices, as well as local businesses to promote text4baby. To date, we’ve helped enroll nearly 13,000 users into text4baby and have made FREE outreach materials available for order from our website. We’ve heard firsthand from text4baby users about how direct and simple the messages are and how helpful they can be, especially for first-time parents.

Of the many useful messages provided by text4baby, several of them provide users with information about how they can get no-cost or low-cost health insurance for their children by providing them with the toll-free hotline 1-877-KIDS-NOW (1-877-543-7669).

Parents who call the 1-877-KIDS-NOW number in Illinois will be connected with the All Kids program, which provides affordable health insurance to children who live in Illinois and meet income requirements. Parents can request an All Kids paper application to be sent to their address or they can fill out the online application.

Nearly 1.7 million children in Illinois benefit from the All Kids program, which covers doctor visits, prescription drugs, hospital and emergency services, dental and vision care, and more. Some parents may qualify for FamilyCare coverage for themselves and pregnant women may be able to get benefits from the Moms & Babies program.

Even if text4baby or the All Kids or other health insurance programs may not be something that you need, consider sharing these resources on your Facebook page or sending out a Tweet to your followers about the benefits of these programs. With your help, we can ensure that more women, children, and their families have the best opportunity to lead healthy and productive lives.

This post, by Kathy Chan of the Illinois Maternal and Child Health Coalition, was originally posted on the MomsRising,org blog, here. 

New Report Confirms that Medicaid Matters for Americans

The August deadline to negotiate a deficit reduction package is on the horizon. As many already know, the discourse seems to have boiled down to this weighing of Medicaid costs versus the justness of taxing the wealthiest Americans. In an attempt to break the legislative stalemate, President Obama offered to cut billions in Medicaid spending if Republican leaders would make concessions on the tax issue. It wasn’t a shocking offer, Medicaid has long been the victim of budget cuts, and this year is no different. However, a well timed, landmark study on the actual impact of Medicaid has made the detriment of this decision more clear than ever.

Just last week researchers from Harvard School of Public Health, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the National Bureau of Economic Research and Providence Health & Services released the results of the Oregon Health Insurance Experiment, which unequivocally demonstrates the value of the Medicaid program. This landmark study is the first ever randomized-control trial of Medicaid—the gold standard of scientific research. The Experiment concludes that expanding access to Medicaid “substantially increases health care use, reduces financial strain on covered individuals and improves their self-reported health and wellbeing.”


We cannot overlook the relevance of this study in the current political and economic context. In Illinois alone, 1.8 million children, adults, elderly, and people with disabilities are covered by this safety net program. That is 14% of the population. Cutting Medicaid means that thousands of people will be forced to go without basic medical assistance. Even worse, it means those who must access care could face financial ruin in the face of ballooning healthcare costs and much of the risk will fall back on working class Americans.

Illinois Maternal and Child Health Coalition has always stood in support of Medicaid beneficiaries and this study supports what we have been saying for a long time--MEDICAID MATTERS! We must seize the excellent timing of this report and become even more adamant in our demands that legislators take a responsible approach to the deficit that does not fall on the backs of the most vulnerable Americans. Take action today and help us to make the message clear--Medicaid matters!

Kathy Waligora
Illinois Maternal and Child Health Coalition
(Originally posted here.)

Study Highlights Importance of Improved Medicaid Program

On June 17, Dr. Karin Rhodes and her colleague Joanna Bisgaier of the University of Pennsylvania released a report on access to subspecialty doctors by children covered by Medicaid in Cook County, Illinois. The authors also published an article about the study underlying the report in the New England Journal of Medicine.

Dr. Rhodes undertook and was paid for the study pursuant to a contract with the Illinois Department of Healthcare and Family Services, the state’s Medicaid agency. The study was part of the department’s compliance with a 2005 consent decree in the case of Memisovski v. Maram, which followed a 2004 federal district court ruling that the state was not in compliance with Medicaid Act requirements that children receive recommended levels of preventive care and treatment of diagnosed conditions, and that they receive care at least to the same extent as children covered by other forms of insurance.

Following the consent decree in Memisovski, Illiniois has undertaken very significant reforms of the primary and preventive care system for children on Medicaid. It improved the rates paid for office visits to primary care doctors and dentists, and it held the processing time for those services to a reasonable level, even during the recession (when all other state bills were being delayed for many months). It launched a statewide “medical home” initiative designed to match children up with primary care doctors, which has had considerable success. Other strategies to improve primary care have been launched, and the overall effort continues.

The consent decree was less specific with respect to access to specialty care to diagnose conditions or especially to treat diagnosed conditions. It provided that the department undertake a study to examine the extent of access problems, and it left the remedies for any such problems to be determined after the study was completed. However, Illinois was not idle on this front. It enacted a round of rate increases for some pediatric specialists, and it included children in a disease management program for people with chronic illness.

The study released last Friday, however, shows that there is a very serious problem with access to specialty care for children covered by Medicaid and other public insurance, particularly as compared to children covered by other forms of insurance (mostly employer-based private insurance). Using a “secret shopper” methodology, the investigators posed as parents seeking care for a child, saying in one call that the child’s coverage was Medicaid and in the next call that the same child’s coverage was Blue Cross Blue Shield PPO (which dominates the market in Illinois). The Medicaid-covered children had very significant disadvantages for almost all sub-specialties in both the ability to get an appointment and in the waiting time for the appointment if it was granted. The one exception was psychiatric care, where there was a severe access problem regardless of type of insurance.

At the time of the original court order and consent decree, Illinois authorities were dealing with an inherited problem resulting from decades of underfunding and neglect of access issues in the state’s Medicaid program. They have been working to comply with the decree and improve the program, in spite of the grinding recession-driven budget crisis in the state. Representatives of the children in the case look forward to working in cooperation with state authorities to find and implement solutions to these newly documented problems with specialty access.

Meanwhile, the study has resulted in media coverage, and some commentators are attempting to use it to bolster current attempts by conservatives to cut spending on Medicaid or relieve states of the duty to comply with Medicaid’s federal rules guaranteeing children access to all needed care. Medicaid is not “broke”; it is underfunded. The underfunding causes it to fall short on its ability to deliver the kinds of quality health care that, over the long term, would save money by supporting healthier people. And Medicaid is not “broken”; it is falling short of its full potential. It provides plenty of essential health care to millions of children, working adults, people with disabilities and seniors. Cutting them off of Medicaid would hurt them immeasurably. And starving the program of funds would only exacerbate the problems with access and the efforts to expand the health care workforce needed to provide adequate care to all beneficiaries. Just because there are flaws in the program does not mean the program must end for millions of beneficiaries. If we scrapped every governmental program that has flaws that need fixing, where would the armed forces, roads, or schools be? Medicaid is essential, but it can and should improve, especially on this issue of access to needed care.  

John Bouman
President, Sargent Shriver National Center on Poverty Law
(Blog originally appeared here in the Shriver Brief)

An executive summary of the report can be found on the Illinois Health Matters website.